Inflammation in central nervous system diseases

Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system diseases. The brain is a sterile organ; therefore, inflammation is triggered by endogenous molecules. Pattern recognition receptors recognize specific endogenous molecules, and activate resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells. Inflammasome complex formation is also important for neuroinflammation in brain tissue injury, epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases. Although inflammation exaggerates the pathology and neurological deficits in neurological disorders, triggering the pro-resolution process and neuronal repair is a beneficial side of inflammation. We introduce recent accumulating evidence about the relationship between neuroinflammation by innate immunity and the process of pathogenesis in central nervous system diseases. Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Pattern recognition receptors recognize specific endogenous molecules and activate resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells.